Linear Symmetry Groups

When I learned about the operations of symmetry, I also learned about a notation system used by crystallographers and chemists to describe 1-, 2-, and 3-dimensional patterns. I will use this shorthand to describe the seven linear symmetry groups, also known as frieze symmetries.

Group t: translates the tile. The double-headed arrows indicate which directions the tile can move.

Linear Symmetry Group t

Linear Symmetry Group t

Group t2: translates a pair of rotated tiles. The double-headed arrows indicate which directions the tile can move; the circles represent centers of rotation.

Linear Symmetry Group t2

Linear Symmetry Group t2

Group tm: reflects the tile. The solid lines represent mirrors.

Linear Symmetry Group tm

Linear Symmetry Group tm

Group t2mm: reflects the tile horizontally and vertically; diagonal tiles rotate 180 degrees. The solid lines represent mirrors; the circles represent centers of rotation.

Linear Symmetry Group t2mm

Linear Symmetry Group t2mm

Group mt: translates a pair of reflected tiles. The double-headed arrows indicate which directions the tile can move; the solid line represents a mirror.

Linear Symmetry Group mt

Linear Symmetry Group mt

Group t2mg: reflects a pair of rotated tiles. The solid lines represent mirrors; the circles represent centers of rotation.

Linear Symmetry Group t2mg

Linear Symmetry Group t2mg

Group tg: glide-reflects the tile. The dashed line represents the mirror/translation line.

Linear Symmetry Group tg

Linear Symmetry Group tg

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